• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
      BIDIRECTIONAL DC CURRENT TRANSFORMERThe invention provides a bidirectional direct current transformer, as far as possible, simple and lossless for high voltages. The bidirectional direct current transformer (1) comprises an input stage (2) for converting a DC input voltage to a first AC output voltage, a transformer (3) for transforming the first AC output voltage into a second AC voltage and an output stage (4) for theconversion of the second AC voltage to a DC input voltage, at least one of the input stages (2) and / or the output stages (4) comprises, for the provision of the first and / or the second AC voltage, a branching of a multilevel inverter (5) with a first number of active superconducting switches(61).
    公开号:BR112013022243A2
    申请号:R112013022243-3
    申请日:2012-02-27
    公开日:2020-09-01
    发明作者:Stephan Thomas；Rik W.A.A. De Doncker；Robert Lenke
    申请人:Rheinisch-Westfälisch-Technische Hochschule Aachen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    "BIDIRECTIONAL DC CURRENT TRANSFORMER" Carnation of the invention The present invention relates to a direct current transformer for high voltages.
    ~ 5 Background of the invention Direct current converters, also known as DC-DC converters, are referred to as an electrical circuit, which converts a direct current placed at the input into a direct current with a higher, lower or lower voltage level. inverted. The conversion takes place with the help of an electronic switch working periodically and one or more energy stores. In the field of energy technology, these converters are also referred to as DC-DC converters. 15 The inductance used for intermediate energy storage (inductive converter) consists of a coil or transformer-converter. Contrary to this, capacitive storage 'converters (capacitive converters) are referred to as charge pumps. Charge pumps 20 are used, either when, as in integrated circuits, there are no inductances, or when very little output power is required, so that the use of more expensive coils does not pay in comparison with the use of cheap capacitors. 25 DC converters are found as part of connection networks, with which consumers are operated, for example, PC power supplies, notebooks, mobile phones, small motors, HiFi devices. The advantages over linear power supplies consist of a better degree of effectiveness and less heat development. For a linear voltage regulator or resistor, the excess voltage is simply "heated". DC-DC converters are also supplied as fully encapsulated transformer modules 35, which are partially provided for mounting on printed circuits. The output voltage can be, depending on the type of structure, lower, equal or higher than the input voltage.
    The most well-known are the construction groups that bring a low voltage to a separate galvanic voltage.
    Encapsulated DC-DC transformers are offered, for example, for insulation voltages from 1.5 kV up to around 3 kv and servern for supplying current to smaller consumers in direct current networks such as 24 V in industrial installations or 48 V in telecommunications or in the area of 10 electronic building blocks, for example, 5 Volt for digital connections or + 15 Volt for the operation of operating amplifiers.
    Direct current transformers are classified according to different criteria and divided into different types (type of construction of a network 15 divided into current paths). Unlike unidirectional converters, for bidirectional direct current transformers it is important which connection is defined as input and which connection as output.
    A bidirectional energy flow orientation 20 allows both a defined input power flow to the output and the reverse. y
    US 5027264 describes a bidirectional direct current transformer for high voltages, for which the operating principle is based on a 25 "dual active bridge (DAB)" topology. Here the DC input voltage in an input converter is converted to an AC voltage and a transformer is fed into it.
    The output of the transformer is connected with an output converter, which converts the AC voltage, again, into a voltage of m - m 30 DC output for a load.
    A bidirectional DAB direct current transformer of this type uses the W pass through zero of a half bridge to reduce connection losses.
    In addition, the switching frequency can be increased.
    These DC / DC transformers can be implemented in single-phase or multi-phase configurations, with an output voltage available, which can be maintained at least close to the desired output voltage.
    However, the current DAB topology so far needs a series connection of electronic semiconductor power switches, since, for high circuit voltages, the reverse voltage of the semiconductor is not sufficient.
    These require, as a rule, symmetry resistors parallel to the static voltage symmetry, which cause permanent losses to high circuit voltages.
    On the other hand, the dynamic voltage symmetry has to be guaranteed for 10 switching processes, which makes it necessary either intelligent and expensive damping networks or excitation connections or additional connections.
    If the region is left connected in a DAB topology due to a very high input voltage variability or a very large load region 15, the damping losses increase sharply.
    Damping losses can thus exceed semiconductor losses.
    The damping network is called an electrical connection with damping members, which must neutralize, for example, high frequencies or voltage spikes, which are usually present in the connection of inductive loads, for a sudden interruption of the current flow.
    Damping members limit the speed of voltage increase or the speed of current increase in the 25 semiconductors.
    Summary of the invention An objective of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional direct current transformer as far as possible simple and from low loss to high voltages. / This goal is achieved through a transformer! ,. bidirectional direct current with an input stage for transforming a DC input voltage into a first AC voltage, a transformer for transforming the first AC voltage into a second AC voltage and an output stage for transforming the second AC voltage into a voltage Output DC, with at least one of the stages ba 4 mj
    > a &,
    input and / or output stages comprises, for the provision of the first and / or second AC voltage, a branch of a multilevel inverter with a first L-
    K · and number of active semiconductor connectors.
    A multi-level 5 DAB is obtained.
    For this, the entry and "Q 'stages
    output are isolated from each other.
    The input stage in a direct current transformer of the present invention may possibly represent the output stage in another bidirectional direct current transformer 10 according to the invention.
    Suitable active semiconductor switches (power semiconductor) are, for example, disconnectable thyristors, transistors or MOSFETS.
    The specialist can alternatively also use another 15 appropriate active semiconductor switches.
    Inverters are devices, which convert voltages of any polarity into other voltages.
    The conversion process takes place here through power electronics, and the electrical energy is stored in a so-called intermediate circuit.
    In this intermediate circuit additional filters can also be installed, for example.
    The output voltage of the multilevel inverter is made up of a plurality of voltage states (level). For a two-stage inverter 25 (2-level inverter) this means two voltage states, for a three-stage inverter (3-level inverter) it means three voltage states, etc. The multi-level inverter concept thus comprises all suitable multilevel inverters, also for example
    , -> 30 2-level inverter, 3-level inverter, 4-level inverter, 5-level inverter, etc. The DC / DC transformer
    -Bi-directional F according to the present invention thus avoids a high-cost, serial connection of electronic semiconductor power switches such as 35 IGBTS {"insulated gate bipolar transistors": isolated gate bipolar transistors) or IGCTs (Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor ": integrated door switched thyristor) with intelligent door actuators or RC damping members with losses and allows for a lossless operation. DC transformers according to the present invention can be used, for example, in power, for example, for DC networks, in energy storage systems, here particularly battery energy storage systems, in wind installations or for regenerative energy systems as a current transformer, 10 particularly as a current transformer with a high power ratio The configuration of the gold side, ie the input side by the arrangement of the multilevel inverter on the output side or output side by the multilevel inverter arrangement on the input side depends on the intended application 15 for the bidirectional direct current transformer, for example, for minimizing losses for certain operating points or for requirements
    J of a given voltage variability. In one embodiment, the multilevel inverter is a 3-level inverter or a 5-level inverter. The 3-level inverter is able to provide three voltage stages at the output. For this, the power semiconductors are maximally loaded with half the intermediate circuit voltage. To reduce stress deformities, two superconducting switches in series are used here, in contrast to a half bridge. Without other measures, the voltage distribution of the power semiconductors is, however, asymmetric. The symmetrical voltage distribution of the ô 30 power semiconductors can be achieved, for example, through capacitors arranged in parallel
    W to power semiconductors. The 5-level inverter is set analogously to the position, five output voltage stages. In a preferred embodiment, the multilevel inverter is a 3-level NPC inverter with two fixing diodes. NPC is used here for "neutral-point-clamped. The levels of the three voltage stages can be adjusted symmetrically for the 3-level NPC inverter, so that the central voltage corresponds to the zero voltage level, without stopping
    If symmetry and / or Treiber networks are required. In 5 alternative embodiments, instead of fixing diodes, IGBTS (bipolar transistors with isolated gate electrodes) (ANPC inverter) or capacitors in so-called FLCS for voltage distribution can be used. In one embodiment, the multilevel inverter 10 is a 3-level NPC inverter (51, 52) with two IGBTS or capacitors in place of the clamping diodes. All the preceding embodiments can be used, in addition to the 3-level inverters, correspondingly in other multi-level inverters with another number of levels. In addition to the simplified topology, an additional degree of freedom is available through the introduction of the additional voltage level (in comparison with the 2-level inverter). The additional degree of freedom can be used, for example, to minimize the total losses of the inverter for a load region. For a large transformation ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage, it is advantageous to arrange the 3-level NPC inverter on the side with the highest voltage. For a high transformation this would be the output side, for a low voltage transformation this would be the input side. The transformation ratio is called the ratio of the amplitudes between the first and second AC voltage. Correspondingly, the high voltage side is either the input side or the output side. In another embodiment, the output stage for the same orientation as the second AC voltage comprises a half bridge (H "-Brücke") with a second number of active semiconductor switches. A half bridge 35 thus consists of two half bridges. Unlike unidirectional direct current transformers, the bidirectional direct current transformer also needs on the output side of controllable superconducting switches.
    The principle of a DAB direct current transformer is to cause a voltage drop above the transformer control inductance over the AC voltages in the transformer, thereby controlling the power flow.
    The half bridge can serve here as a bridge rectifier for the transformation of alternating current into direct current, which is then available at the output.
    Such a half bridge is a conventional component known and thus available.
    An active connected half bridge or half bridge allows independent control of the displacement angle, alternating voltages of the transformer and thus the desired control of the power flow.
    The half bridge can be used particularly in output stages for low intermediate circuit voltages, for which no serial connection of the semiconductor switches is required.
    In a preferred embodiment, the half bridge is a 2-level half bridge.
    In a preferred embodiment, the number of first and second semiconductor switches is the same.
    Thus, the permitted intermediate circuit voltage and the usable input voltage region can be doubled.
    In an arrangement of the bidirectional input voltage switch with a 3-level NPC inverter stage with two clamping diodes and a 2-level half bridge, for even the number of superconducting switches, by adjusting the voltage amplitudes can be placed equal to 1 the voltage ratio, through which the lossless connection is guaranteed over an extended load region compared to conventional DAB direct current transformers.
    In one embodiment, the number of second superconducting switches on the half bridge is four, the second semiconductor switches can be connected independently of each other, and the first and second of the superconducting switches are connected to a positive circuit track, see figure 7 . Of that
    - shape, the transformer current is minimized to »
    small powers.
    For DC / DC transformers, there is also talk of minimizing blind power.
    The positive circuit track designates the upper potential of the capacitor.
    By operating the first and second superconducting switches in parallel, the transformer is closed and in the half bridge a third voltage level, the zero level, is produced.
    Thus, a 2-level half bridge can be operated for the corresponding control of the second superconducting switches as well as a 3-level half bridge.
    With this, the blind power of the inverter can be minimized.
    This can also be achieved alternatively by connecting the third and fourth of the second superconducting switches to a negative circuit track.
    The negative circuit track corresponds to the lower potential of the capacitor.
    To minimize the blind power 20, an independent trip of the second diagonal superconducting switches is required here (the first and the fourth or the second and third of the second superconducting switches). In another embodiment, the output stage for the rectification of the second AC voltage also includes a branch of a second multilevel inverter.
    The multilevel inverter concept then comprises all the appropriate multilevel inverters, that is, for example, 2-level multilevel inverter, 3-level multilevel inverter, 30 4-level multilevel inverter, 5-level multilevel inverter, etc. in a form of In this embodiment, the second multilevel inverter is a 3-level multilevel inverter or a 5-level multilevel inverter.
    Preferably,
    the second multilevel inverter is an NPC inverter of 3 35 levels with two fixing diodes.
    In another embodiment, the DC input voltage is variable and the voltage amplitude of the input voltage is adjusted to the amplitude of the output voltage.
    The tension ratio is therefore equal to 1, with which the
    * Lossless connection for approximately the entire load region can be guaranteed.
    In comparison with the 5-level DAB 2-level transformer, the transformer shown has the advantage, in favor of the additional voltage level, another degree of freedom in modulation.
    For example, through the additional degree of freedom of level 3 for the realization of 3 levels or 10 o the additional degrees of freedom of level 5 for the realization of 5 levels, etc., the total losses of the included transformer inverter can be minimized , etc.
    The ZVS connection (zero voltage connection) and the connection for minimum current can also be influenced in this way.
    The load range for a lossless connection is increased, compared to conventional DAB DC transformers, also for voltage ratios other than 1. In another embodiment, the topology of the bidirectional DC transformer is extended to three or more phases.
    In this way, a wider field of application of the bidirectional direct current transformer opens up, according to the invention, for higher powers. 25 The bidirectional direct current transformer can have different multilevel - multilevel relationships.
    For example, the bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention can be a 3-level / 2-level DC-DC transformer.
    In another 30 embodiments, the bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention can also be a 5-level / 2-level DC-DC transformer or a 5-level / 3-level DC-DC transformer or a transformer DC-DC 3-levels / 3-levels.
    Specialists 35 can also choose other multilevel - multilevel combinations within the scope of the present invention, depending on the desired application area.
    Brief description of the figures These and other aspects of the present invention are represented in detail in the figures, in which: Figure 1 shows various embodiments of the bidirectional direct current transformer with at least one multilevel inverter in the input and / or output stage ; Figure 2 shows a bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention with a 3-level NPC inverter in the input stage and a 2-level half bridge in the output stage; Figure 3 simulates trajectories for the first and second AC voltages, as well as for the corresponding currents in the transformer for a bidirectional direct current transformer according to figure 2 for a first mode of operation; Figure 4 shows current paths of the input and output stages of a bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention according to figure 2 for the first mode of operation; Figure 5 shows paths for the first and second AC voltages, as well as for the corresponding currents in the transformer for a bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention according to figure 2 for a second mode of operation; Figure 6 shows current trajectories in the circuits of the input and output stages of a bidirectional direct current transformer according to figure 2 for the second mode of operation; Figure 7 shows the exit stage as a 3-level half bridge; e Figure 8 shows an alternative bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention with two 3-level NPC inverters as input and output stages.
    Detailed description of the invention
    Figure 1 shows various embodiments (a) to (d) of the two-way direct current transformer 1 each with an input stage 2 for converting a DC input voltage to a first 5 AC output voltage, a transformer 2 for transforming the first AC voltage into a second AC voltage and an output stage 4 for converting the second AC voltage to a DC output voltage.
    The different embodiments (a) - (d) comprise at least one multilevel inverter 5 in the input stage 2 and / or in the output stage 4. In the embodiment (a), the multilevel inverter 5 is arranged in the input 2. In the embodiment (b), the multilevel inverter 5 is arranged in the output stage 4. In the embodiment (C), a multilevel inverter 5 is arranged, respectively, in the input stage 2 and in the output stage 4. In the embodiment (d), the multilevel inverter 5 is arranged in the input stage 2, while the output stage 8 comprises a half bridge.
    Figure 2 shows a bidirectional direct current transformer according to the present invention with a 3-level NPC inverter 51 in the input stage and a 2-level half bridge 81 in the output stage 4. In the input stage there is a DC input voltage 21, output stage 4 feeds a load 11. Between input and output stages 2, 4, the output voltage of input stage 2 is transformed by means of a transformer 3 into an input voltage of output stage 4. The 3-level NPC inverter 51 comprises two upper and two lower superconducting switches 61 each with an arranged diode parallel to it 7a, two clamping diodes 71 and two capacitors 9. First appropriate active superconducting switches 61 (superconducting power) are, for example, MOFFETS, IGBTS or IGCTS.
    The components of the 3-level NPC inverter 51 form an intermediate circuit, in which the electrical energy for the transformation process is stored.
    In this circuit, in other embodiments, additional filters can be installed, for example, frequency filters.
    The first AC voltage sent from the multilevel inverter 51 to 5 the transformer 3 for conversion is composed of a plurality of voltage states (levels). Horn for conventional DAB bidirectional direct current transformer, the transformer control inductance is used, and if it does not reach, an additional inductance to it in series, to be able to control the power between -Pmax, 0 and + Pmax, where Pmax denominates the maximum transmissible power.
    The output stage 4 comprises, in this embodiment, for the rectification of the second transformed AC voltage of the first AC voltage, a 2-level half bridge 81 with four
    , second active superconducting switches 62 each with diode 7b arranged parallel to it, so that the number of superconducting switches 61, 62 in the input and output stages 2, 4 is the same.
    The capacitor 10 serves to smooth the rectified output voltage.
    Figure 3 shows trajectories as a function of CÚt for a first AC voltage Vj (input voltage at the transformer) and a second AC voltage V2 (output voltage) at the transformer as well as for the corresponding currents Il in transformer 3 for a current transformer bidirectional continuous circuit 1 and I2 in the circuit according to figure 2 in case of a first mode of operation OPl, in which the input voltage Vj is greater than the output voltage V2, and for the phase shift angle 4) between first and second voltage AC V, and V2 is: 0 <9) <3/2. In the representation of Vj and V2 on ot, the three voltage levels + Vl, 0, -Vj are visible to Vj, which provides the 3-level NPC inverter, as well as both voltage levels + V2, -V2, which are rectified after transformation using the 2-level half bridge.
    Maximum energy transmission is achieved for a phase shift angle of 9) = Í3 / 2, for ç) = 0 this is minimal for operating mode 1. For 9)> 13/2, the energy transmission is given the case again smaller, but the blind power increases. 5 Figure 4 shows the current paths corresponding to figure 3 (first OPl operation mode) (discontinuous circuits with current flow direction represented as an arrow) in the intermediate circuit topology of the input and output stages of a direct current transformer bidirectional, according to the present invention according to figure 2, with Vj Z V2 and 0 <4) <B / 2 for the entire region 0 <ot <2n. Figure 4 comprises eight representations, for which the different current paths are shown for the eight intervals in regions of 0 <ot <2ri: (1) 0 <ot <OtQ, (2) (Dt0, et <4), (3) 9) <ot <13, (4) f3 <ot <n (5) n <ot <(n + OtQ), (6) (n + OtQ) <ot <(n + 0), (7 ) (ii + 0) <ot <(ji + B), and (8) (ii + í3) <ot <2i1. The circuits for the first and the second superconducting switch representations (1) and (4) characterize the switches, which can be connected without voltage, since there is still a current flow in the anti-parallel diode. For bidirectional operation of the bidirectional direct current transformer 1, according to the present invention, the 3-level / 2-level DAB arrangement of figure 2 can be operated in a second operating mode OP2 with a negative phase shift angle 0 <
    0. Figure 5 shows, for operation mode 2 with - ti +! 3 <0, simulated paths for the first AC voltage Vj and the second AC voltage V2, as well as for the corresponding currents I1 in transformer 3 for a transformer bidirectional DC current 1 and I2 in the circuit. For reasons of symmetry, the transformed current is characterized completely for a complete period through a period of it. In the representation of Vj and V2 on é) t, for Vj the three voltage levels are visible
    + / i, 0, -Vj, which provides the 3-level NPC inverter, as well as both voltage levels + V2, -V2, which are rectified by means of the 2-level half bridge.
    The energy transmission is zero for an angle of 5 phase shift 0 = {-ij + 13) / 2. The maximum energy transmission in this operating mode is achieved for a phase displacement angle of 4) = 0. Figure 6 shows the corresponding current paths (discontinuous circuits concretization current flow direction represented as arrow) to figure 5 ( second operating mode OP2) in the intermediate circuit topology of the input and output stages of a bidirectional direct current transformer, according to the present invention, according to figure 2, with V, Z V2 and -ii + í3 ç ç ) <0 for the total region 0 <ot <2i1. Figure 4 comprises eight representations, in which the different current paths for the eight intervals in regions of 0 <Újt <2ti are shown: (1) 0 <ot <OtQ, (2) OtQ <ot <í3, (3) 13 <CÚt <(§ - TI), (4) (0 - n) <ot <n (5) tc <CÚt <(n + OtQ), (6) (a + OtQ) <ot <(rí + Í3 ), (7) (iii + B) <ot <0), and (8) 4) <ot <2iji.
    The circuits for the first and the second superconducting switch representations (1) and (4) characterize the switches, which can be connected without voltage, since there is still a current flow in the anti-parallel diode.
    Figure 7 shows the half bridge 81 as the output stage of the bidirectional direct current transformer, according to the present invention, of figure 2 as an enlarged section.
    Here, the second superconducting switches 62 can be connected independently of each other and the first 621 and the second 622 of the second superconducting switches 62 are connected to a positive + Z circuit track.
    In this way, the transformer current is minimized for low power.
    The circuit consists of the half bridge and a capacitor 10 parallel to the bridge.
    The positive circuit track + z calls the upper potential of capacitor 10. Operating the first 621 and the second 622 superconducting switches in parallel, transformer 3 is placed in a short circuit (indicated by the discontinuous arrows) and is produced in the half bridge 5 81 a third voltage level, the zero level. Thus, a 2-level half bridge 81 can be operated for corresponding control of the second superconducting switch 62 as well as a 3-level half bridge. With this, it can also be achieved that the third 623 and the 10 fourth 624 of the second superconducting switches 62 are connected to a negative circuit track -Z. The negative circuit track -Z corresponds, correspondingly, to the lower power of the capacitor
    10. To minimize the blind power, an independent trip of the second diagonal superconducting switches 15 is required here (the first 621 and the fourth 624 or the second 622 and the third 623 of the second superconducting switches 62). Figure 8 shows an alternative bidirectional direct current transformer 20, according to the present invention, with two 3-level NPC inverters as input and output stages 2, 4. Input side 2 corresponds to input side 2 of figure 2, for the details of input stage 2 reference is made to 25 therefore the description of figure 2. Output stage 4 comprises a second 3-level NPC inverter 52, which also comprises two upper and two lower first superconducting switches 61 each with a diode 7a arranged in parallel to it, two diodes of 30 fixing 71 and two capacitors 9. First suitable active superconducting switches 61 (power superconductors) are here, for example, MOSFETS, IGBTS or IGCTS. The components of the second 3-level NPC inverter eventually form a circuit, in which the electrical energy for the transformation process is stored. In this circuit, additional filters can be mounted, in other embodiments.
    The detailed representation of the invention in this part and in the figures is given as an example for possible embodiments within the scope of the invention and, therefore, is not intended as a limitation.
    In particular, the quantities given are to be adapted to the respective operating conditions of the switch (current, voltage) of the specialist.
    Consequently, all the quantities given are provided as examples only for certain embodiments.
    Alternative embodiments, which are possibly imagined by the skilled person within the scope of the invention, are considered by the present invention to be understood in the present invention.
    In the claims, expressions like "one" also include plurality.
    In the claims, the references given are not limiting.
    List of numerical references:
    1 bidirectional direct current transformer 2 input stage 21 DC input voltage supply 5 3 transformer 4 output stage 5 multilevel inverters 51 3-level NPC inverter in input stage 52 3-level NPC inverter in output stage 10 61 first superconducting switch 62 second superconducting switch 621 first of second superconducting switches 622 second of second superconducting switches 623 third of second superconducting switches 15 624 fourth of second superconducting switches 7a multi-level inverter rectifying diodes 7b half bridge fixing diodes 71 fixing diodes multilevel inverter, here a 3-level NPC inverter 20 8 half-bridge 81 half-bridge 2-level 9 circuit capacitor 10 capacitor for smoothing the output voltage 11 load 25 OPl first operating mode OP2 second operating mode Vj, I1 voltage / current of the first voltage AC V2, I2 voltage / current of the second AC + Z voltage, -Z half-bridge positive / negative circuit rail i
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Two-way direct current transformer, with an input stage (2) for converting a DC input voltage 5 to a first AC output voltage, a transformer (3) for transforming the first AC output voltage into a second AC voltage and an output stage (4) for converting the second AC voltage to a DC input voltage, characterized by the fact that at least one of the input stages (2) and / or the output stages (4) comprises , for the provision of the first and / or second AC voltage, a branch of a multilevel inverter (5) with a first number of active superconducting switches (61).
    [2]
    15 2. Bi-directional direct current transformer, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the multilevel inverter (5) is a 3-level inverter or a 5-level inverter.
    [3]
    3. Bidirectional direct current transformer, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the multilevel inverter is a 3-level NPC inverter (51, 52) with two fixing diodes (71).
    [4]
    4. Bi-directional direct current transformer, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the multilevel inverter is a 3-level NPC inverter (51, 52) with two IGBTS or capacitors.
    [5]
    5. Bi-directional direct current transformer according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the 3-level NPC inverter (51, 52) is arranged 30 for a great transformation ratio on the side of the input and output stages output (2, 4), where the highest voltage has to go.
    [6]
    6. Bi-directional direct current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 35 characterized in that the output stage (4) comprises a half bridge (8) with a second number for the rectification of the second AC voltage second
    -
    U active superconducting switches (62).
    [7]
    7. Bi-directional direct current transformer, according to claim 6, characterized in that the half bridge (8) is a 2-level half bridge (81).
    [8]
    5 8. Bi-directional direct current transformer according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the number of the first and second superconducting switches (61, 62) is the same.
    [9]
    9. Bi-directional direct current transformer, according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the number of the second superconducting switches (62) is four, the second superconducting switches being connected independently and the first (621) and the second 15 (622) of the second superconducting switches (62) are mounted on a positive circuit track.
    [10]
    10. Bidirectional direct current transformer, according. with any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the number of the second 20 superconducting switches (62) is four, the second superconducting switches being independently connected to each other and the third (623) and the fourth (624) ) of the second superconducting switches (62) are mounted on a negative circuit track.
    [11]
    11. Bidirectional direct current transformer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the output stage (4) for the rectification of the second AC voltage comprises a branch of a second multilevel inverter (5).
    [12]
    12. Bidirectional direct current transformer, according to claim 11, characterized in that the second multilevel inverter (5) is a 3-level inverter or a 5-level inverter.
    [13]
    13. Bi-directional direct current transformer, according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the second multilevel inverter (5) is a 3-level NPC inverter with two fixing diodes (71).
    [14]
    14. Bi-directional direct current transformer according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the DC input voltage (21) is variable and the voltage amplitude of the input voltage 5 (21) is adjusted the amplitude of the output voltage.
    [15]
    15. Two-way direct current transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the topology of the two-way direct current transformer (1) is extended to three or more phases.
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    公开号 | 公开日
    US20140003095A1|2014-01-02|
    RU2013141468A|2015-04-10|
    JP6169980B2|2017-07-26|
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    WO2012116953A2|2012-09-07|
    JP2014508495A|2014-04-03|
    CN103620935B|2016-11-02|
    CN103620935A|2014-03-05|
    WO2012116953A3|2013-09-26|
    EP2495858A1|2012-09-05|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-15| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-05| B11B| Dismissal acc. art. 36, par 1 of ipl - no reply within 90 days to fullfil the necessary requirements|
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    优先权:
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    EP11156405A|EP2495858A1|2011-03-01|2011-03-01|Bidirectional direct current converter|
    EP11156405.0|2011-03-01|
    PCT/EP2012/053265|WO2012116953A2|2011-03-01|2012-02-27|Bidirectional dc-dc converter|
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